Topographic variability and stability in lake food webs

Topographic variability and stability in lake food webs preview image

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Default-person Uri Geller (Author)

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spatial 

Tagged by Uri Geller about 11 years ago

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LAKE MICHIGAN FOOD WEB

This model decribes a part of the Lake Michigan Food web as found on http://www.glerl.noaa.gov/pubs/brochures/foodweb/LMfoodweb.pdf The original model as found in the COPYRIGHT NOTICE at the bottom of this page was extended and new species were implemented to rebuild more complex relationships between different trophic levels. Another editional feature is the possibility to draw rocks where smaller species can hide an therefore cannot be eaten by predators

HOW IT WORKS

Species (except phytoplankton) wander randomly around the bay, and what they eat is determined by the Food-Web box. Moving costs energy, and they must eat in order to replenish their energy. When a creature runs out of energy it dies. To allow the population to continue, each species has a fixed probability of reproducing at each time step. Phytoplankton is growing autonomously regardless of other environmental conditions.

HOW TO USE IT

  1. Edit the food web by pressing the CHANGE button.
  2. Enter the new food chain you want added to the food web.
  3. Press the APPLY button.
  4. Press the OK button.
  5. Press the SETUP button.
  6. Press the GO button to begin the simulation.
  7. Look at the POPULATIONS plot to watch the populations fluctuate over time

BUTTONS

  1. INITIALIZE ENVIRONMENT - Initialize the Lake Patches
  2. DRAW ROCKS - holding the left mouse button one can draw rocks where smaller species can hide
  3. ERASE ROCKS - holding the left mouse button one can partially delete rocks
  4. INSERT/ RESET SPECIES - all populations are set to their initial values
  5. GO/ STOP - starts/ stops the simulation
  6. START INVASION - inserts new top predator species

EDITING THE FOOD WEB

You may edit the food web to create new predator-prey relationships.

Valid species are:
Phytoplankton Zooplankton Opossum Shrimp Mollusks Round Gobys Burbots Top Predators

Example:
"zooplankton eat phytoplankton"

CREDITS AND REFERENCES

Wilensky, U. (1997). NetLogo Wolf Sheep Predation model. http://ccl.northwestern.edu/netlogo/models/WolfSheepPredation. Center for Connected Learning and Computer-Based Modeling, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL.

COPYRIGHT NOTICE

Copyright 2010 Office of STEM Education Partnerships, Northwestern University. All rights reserved.

Permission to use, modify or redistribute this model is hereby granted, provided that both of the following requirements are followed:
a) this copyright notice is included.
b) this model will not be redistributed for profit without permission from the Office of STEM Education Partnerships [OSEP]. Contact OSEP for appropriate licenses for redistribution for profit.

This model was created as part of the project: ECOLOGICAL FORECASTING: FRAMEWORK TO EVALUATE THE EFFECTS OF MULTIPLE STRESSES IN LAKE MICHIGAN FOOD WEBS AND GUIDE REMEDIATION. The project gratefully acknowledges the support of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration -- grant number NA09NMF4630406.

This model extends and modifies code from the model "Wolf Sheep Predation" - Copyright 1997 Uri Wilensky.

Comments and Questions

Default-person

E M

calibration values? (Question)

Hello, I plan to adapt this model to another trophic network (a part of the Gulf of Lion, Mediterranean Sea). I started reading the code and I wonder mainly about the origin of the quantitative input data of the model. It is not mentioned in the 'info' tab. There is an attachment that gives a graphic representation of the food chain but no information about the numerical values used to quantify the model parameters. What are the precise units used to represent the food web? Is there a reference article to understand how the model was calibrated? Thank you in advance for your help, EM

Posted over 7 years ago

Click to Run Model

;A simplified Lake Michigan Foodweb with Obstacles
globals [

  reproduce-energy-mid
  distinction
  
  energy-from-phytoplankton ;; keep track of how much phytoplankton there is
  phytoplankton-regrowth-time ;; how quickly phytoplankton grows back
  start-percent-phytoplankton
  phytoplankton-growth-rate ;; odds of phytoplankton spreading
   
  zooplankton-food-filter 
  zooplankton-start-amount 
  zooplankton-gain-from-food 
  zooplankton-reproduce 
  zooplankton-reproduce-energy
  
  oshrimp-food-filter 
  oshrimp-start-amount 
  a-oshrimp-gain-from-food 
  a-oshrimp-reproduce 
  a-oshrimp-reproduce-energy
  
  mollusks-food-filter 
  mollusks-start-amount 
  mollusk-gain-from-food 
  mollusk-reproduce 
  mollusk-reproduce-energy

  burbot-food-filter 
  burbot-start-amount 
  a-burbot-gain-from-food 
  a-burbot-reproduce 
  a-burbot-reproduce-energy
  
  round_gobys-food-filter
  round_gobys-start-amount 
  round_goby-gain-from-food 
  round_goby-reproduce
  round_goby-reproduce-energy
  
  top_preds-food-filter 
  top_preds-start-amount 
  top_pred-gain-from-food 
  top_pred-reproduce
  top_pred-reproduce-energy

  ignore-zooplankton
  ignore-oshrimp
  ignore-mollusks
  ignore-burbot 
  ignore-round_gobys
  ignore-top_preds
  invalid-food-web invaded?
]

breed [ phytoplankton a-phytoplankton ]
breed [ zooplankton a-zooplankton ]
breed [ oshrimp a-oshrimp ] 
breed [ mollusks mollusk ]
breed [ round_gobys round_goby ]
breed [ top_preds top_pred ]
breed [ burbot a-burbot ]

turtles-own [ energy ] 
patches-own [ countdown has-roots ]

to initialize
  clear-turtles
  clear-all-plots
  reset-ticks
  tick
    
  set zooplankton-start-amount 100
  set oshrimp-start-amount 50
  set mollusks-start-amount 100
  set burbot-start-amount 5
  set round_gobys-start-amount 15
  set top_preds-start-amount 0

  set invalid-food-web false
  
  ifelse zooplankton-start-amount = 0
   [ set ignore-zooplankton true]
   [ set ignore-zooplankton false]
  ifelse oshrimp-start-amount = 0
   [ set ignore-oshrimp true]
   [ set ignore-oshrimp false]
  ifelse mollusks-start-amount = 0
   [ set ignore-mollusks true]
   [ set ignore-mollusks false]
  ifelse burbot-start-amount = 0
   [ set ignore-burbot true]
   [ set ignore-burbot false]
  ifelse round_gobys-start-amount = 0
   [ set ignore-round_gobys true]
   [ set ignore-round_gobys false]
   ifelse top_preds-start-amount = 0
   [ set ignore-top_preds true]
   [ set ignore-top_preds false]
  set zooplankton-food-filter ""
  set oshrimp-food-filter ""
  set mollusks-food-filter ""
  set burbot-food-filter ""
  set round_gobys-food-filter ""
  set distinction 0
  
  parse-food-web
  setup-constants

  ifelse not invalid-food-web [
    ;; set globals
    set start-percent-phytoplankton 10
    set energy-from-phytoplankton 3
    set phytoplankton-regrowth-time 37
    set phytoplankton-growth-rate 3
    
    set zooplankton-gain-from-food 40 ;; zooplankton
    set zooplankton-reproduce 55
    set zooplankton-reproduce-energy 45
    
    set a-oshrimp-gain-from-food 10
    set a-oshrimp-reproduce 38.9
    set a-oshrimp-reproduce-energy 65
    
    set mollusk-gain-from-food 35
    set mollusk-reproduce 39
    set mollusk-reproduce-energy 10
  
    set a-burbot-gain-from-food 35
    set a-burbot-reproduce 38.2
    set a-burbot-reproduce-energy 48
    
    set round_goby-gain-from-food 35
    set round_goby-reproduce 38.2
    set round_goby-reproduce-energy 65
    
    set invaded? false
    set top_pred-gain-from-food 75
    set top_preds-start-amount 15
    set top_pred-reproduce 5
    set top_pred-reproduce-energy 55
    
  
  ;; create the phytoplankton, then initialize their variables
    set-default-shape phytoplankton "phytoplankton"
    ask patches [
      if pcolor != black [set pcolor blue + 2]
      if random 100 < start-percent-phytoplankton 
      [ sprout-phytoplankton 1 [ init-phytoplankton rt random 90 fd 0.5] ]
      ]
  
  ;; create the zooplankton, then initialize their variables
    set-default-shape zooplankton "zooplankton"
    populate-zooplankton zooplankton-start-amount true
    
  ;; create the oshrimp, then initialize their variables
    set-default-shape oshrimp "oshrimp"
    populate-oshrimp oshrimp-start-amount true
    
  ;; create the mollusks, then initialize their variables
    set-default-shape mollusks "mollusk"
    populate-mollusks mollusks-start-amount true
  
  ;; create the burbot, then initialize their variables
    set-default-shape burbot "black fish"
    populate-burbot burbot-start-amount true
  
    set-default-shape round_gobys "roundgoby"
    populate-round_gobys round_gobys-start-amount true
    
    set-default-shape top_preds "big fish"
    
    update-plot
  ]
  [ ;; (for this model to work with NetLogo's new plotting features,
  ;; __clear-all-and-reset-ticks should be replaced with clear-all at
  ;; the beginning of your setup procedure and reset-ticks at the end
  ;; of the procedure.)
    set invalid-food-web true]
end 

to setup-constants
   set reproduce-energy-mid 75
end 

to go
  if 0 = ticks [ user-message "Please press the 'Setup' button" stop ]
  ifelse invalid-food-web [ user-message "You need to update your food web and press set up" stop ]
  [
  if not any? zooplankton and not ignore-zooplankton [
    ifelse user-yes-or-no? "No more zooplankton in this part of the harbor.\nHave a new zooplankton scuttle in?"
    [ populate-zooplankton 1 false ]
    [ set ignore-zooplankton true ]
  ]
  if not any? oshrimp and not ignore-oshrimp [
    ifelse user-yes-or-no? "No more oshrimp in this part of the harbor.\nHave a new oshrimp swim in?"
    [ populate-oshrimp 1 false ]
    [ set ignore-oshrimp true ]
  ]
  if not any? mollusks and not ignore-mollusks [
    ifelse user-yes-or-no? "No more mollusks in this part of the harbor.\nHave a new mollusk swim in?"
    [ populate-mollusks 1 false ]
    [ set ignore-mollusks true ]
  ]
  if not any? round_gobys and not ignore-round_gobys [
    ifelse user-yes-or-no? "No more round gobys in this part of the harbor.\nHave a new round goby swim in?"
    [ populate-round_gobys 1 false ]
    [ set ignore-round_gobys true ]
  ]
  if not any? top_preds and not ignore-top_preds [
    ifelse user-yes-or-no? "No more top preds in this part of the harbor.\nHave a new top pred swim in?"
    [ populate-top_preds 1 false ]
    [ set ignore-top_preds true ]
  ]
  if not any? burbot and not ignore-burbot [
    ifelse user-yes-or-no? "No more burbots in this part of the harbor.\nHave a new burbot swim in?"
    [ populate-burbot 1 false ]
    [ set ignore-burbot true ]
  ]
  ask zooplankton [
    moveslow
    set energy energy - 0.1
    eat zooplankton-food-filter
    death
    reproduce-zooplankton
  ]
  ask oshrimp [
    avoid-obstacles
    move
    set energy energy - 0.1
    eat oshrimp-food-filter
    death
    reproduce-oshrimp
    
  ]
  ask mollusks [
    moveslow
    set energy energy - 0.07
    eat mollusks-food-filter
    death
    reproduce-mollusks
  ]
  ask round_gobys [
    avoid-obstacles
    movefast
    set energy energy - 0.5
    eat round_gobys-food-filter
    death
    reproduce-round_gobys
     ]
  
  ask top_preds [
    avoid-obstacles
    movefaster
    set energy energy - 2
    eat top_preds-food-filter
    death
    reproduce-top_preds
      ]
  
  ask burbot [
    avoid-obstacles
    movefaster
    set energy energy - 0.5
    eat burbot-food-filter
    death
    reproduce-burbot
  ]

  grow-phytoplankton
  tick
  update-plot
  ]
end 

to populate-zooplankton [ census random? ]
  create-zooplankton census
  [
    set color blue
    set size 2  ;; easier to see
    set label-color blue - 2
    ifelse random?
    [ set energy random (2 * zooplankton-gain-from-food) ]
    [ set energy zooplankton-gain-from-food ]
    
     setxy random-xcor random-ycor
   
  ]
end 

to populate-mollusks [ census random? ]
  create-mollusks census
  [
    set color brown
    set size 1  ;; easier to see
    ifelse random?
    [ set energy random (2 * mollusk-gain-from-food) ]
    [ set energy mollusk-gain-from-food ]
   
    setxy random-xcor random-ycor
  ]
end 

to populate-oshrimp [ census random? ]
  create-oshrimp census
  [
    set color black
    set size 2  ;; easier to see
    ifelse random?
    [ set energy random (2 * a-oshrimp-gain-from-food) ]
    [ set energy a-oshrimp-gain-from-food ]
   
    setxy random-xcor random-ycor
    ask oshrimp with [ pcolor = black ] [ fd 15 ]
  ]
end 

to populate-burbot [ census random? ]
  create-burbot census
  [
    set color black
    set size 2  ;; easier to see
    ifelse random?
    [ set energy random (2 * a-burbot-gain-from-food) ]
    [ set energy a-burbot-gain-from-food ]
   
    setxy random-xcor random-ycor
    ask burbot with [ pcolor = black ] [ fd 15 ]
  ]
end 

to populate-round_gobys [ census random?]
  create-round_gobys census
  [
    set color red
    set size 2  ;; easier to see
    ifelse random?
    [ set energy random (2 * round_goby-gain-from-food) ]
    [ set energy round_goby-gain-from-food ]
    
    setxy random-xcor random-ycor 
    ask round_gobys with [ pcolor = black ] [ fd 15 ]
    
  ]
end 

to populate-top_preds [ census random?]
  create-top_preds census
  [
    set invaded? true
    set color yellow - 1
    set size 3  ;; easier to see
    ifelse random?
    [ set energy random (2 * top_pred-gain-from-food) ]
    [ set energy top_pred-gain-from-food ]
    
    setxy random-xcor random-ycor  
    ask top_preds with [ pcolor = black ] [ fd 15 ] 
  ]
end 

to avoid-obstacles
    if (any? patches in-cone 3 120 with [pcolor = black])
    [ rt 90 ] 
end 

to make-obstacle
  if mouse-down?
  [ ask patches
    [ if ((abs (pxcor - mouse-xcor)) < 4) and ((abs (pycor - mouse-ycor)) < 4)
      [ set pcolor black ]]]
  display
end 

to eraser
  if mouse-down?
  [ ask patches
    [ if ((abs (pxcor - mouse-xcor)) < 2) and ((abs (pycor - mouse-ycor)) < 2)
      [ set pcolor blue + 2 ]]]
  display
end 

to revert
  clear-all
  reset-ticks
  ask patches [ set pcolor blue + 2 ]
end 

to move  ;; turtle procedure
  if pcolor = black [fd 10]
  if pcolor != black
  [
  rt random 90
  lt random 90
  fd 0.5
  ]
end 

to moveslow  ;; turtle procedure
  rt random 45
  lt random 45
  fd 0.1
end 

to movesuperslow  ;; turtle procedure
  rt random 55
  lt random 55
  fd 0.05
end 

to movefast 
  if pcolor = black [fd 10]
  if pcolor != black
  [ 
  rt random 35
  lt random 35
  fd 1
  ]
end 

to movefaster
  if pcolor = black [fd 10]
  if pcolor != black
  [
  rt random 30
  lt random 30
  fd 2
  ]
end 

to eat [ is-food ] ; turtle routine
  if "" != is-food [
    let prey one-of turtles-here with [ run-result is-food ]
    if prey != nobody  and random-normal 10 5 > 2[
        eat-eat prey
    ]
  ]
end 

to eat-eat [prey] ; turtle routine
  set energy ( energy + [energy] of prey )
  ask prey [ die ]
end 

to reproduce-zooplankton  ;; zooplankton procedure
  if energy > zooplankton-reproduce-energy and random-normal 50 5 < zooplankton-reproduce [  ;; throw "dice" to see if you will reproduce
    set energy (energy / 2)                ;; divide energy between parent and offspring
    
    hatch 1 [ rt random-float 360 fd 1 ]   ;; hatch an offspring and move it forward 1 step
  ]
end 

to reproduce-oshrimp  ;; a-oshrimp procedure
  if energy > a-oshrimp-reproduce-energy and random-normal 50 5 < a-oshrimp-reproduce [  ;; throw "dice" to see if you will reproduce
    set energy (energy / 2)               ;; divide energy between parent and offspring
    
    hatch 1 [ rt random-float 360 ]  ;; hatch an offspring and move it forward 1 step
  ]
end 

to reproduce-mollusks  ;; mollusk procedure
  if energy > mollusk-reproduce-energy and random-normal 50 5 < mollusk-reproduce [  ;; throw "dice" to see if you will reproduce
    set energy (energy / 2)               ;; divide energy between parent and offspring
    
    hatch 1 [ rt random-float 360 fd 1 ]  ;; hatch an offspring and move it forward 1 step
  ]
end 

to reproduce-burbot  ;; a-burbot procedure
  if energy > a-burbot-reproduce-energy and random-normal 50 5 <  a-burbot-reproduce   [  ;; throw "dice" to see if you will reproduce
    set energy (energy / 2)               ;; divide energy between parent and offspring
    
    hatch 1 [ rt random-float 360 fd 2 ]  ;; hatch an offspring and move it forward 1 step
  ]
end 

to reproduce-round_gobys  ;; round_goby procedure
  if energy > round_goby-reproduce-energy and random-normal 50 5 <  round_goby-reproduce  [  ;; throw "dice" to see if you will reproduce
    set energy (energy / 2)               ;; divide energy between parent and offspring
    
    hatch 1 [ rt random-float 360 fd 2]  ;; hatch an offspring and move it forward 1 step
  ]
end 

to reproduce-top_preds  ;; round_goby procedure
  if energy > top_pred-reproduce-energy and random-normal 50 5 < top_pred-reproduce [  ;; throw "dice" to see if you will reproduce
    set energy (energy / 2)               ;; divide energy between parent and offspring
    
    hatch 1 [ rt random-float 360 fd 1]  ;; hatch an offspring and move it forward 1 step
  ]
end 

to death  ;; turtle procedure
  ;; when energy dips below zero, die
  if energy < 0 [ die ]
end 

to setup-phytoplankton
  ask patches with [ has-roots ] [
    sprout-phytoplankton 1 [
      init-phytoplankton
    ]
  ]
end 

to init-phytoplankton
  set energy energy-from-phytoplankton
  set size 0.6
  set color green
end 

to grow-phytoplankton
  ask phytoplankton
  [
    ask patch-here [ ask neighbors [
      if ( 0 = count phytoplankton-here ) and  random-normal 50 5 < phytoplankton-regrowth-time [ 
        sprout-phytoplankton 1 [ init-phytoplankton fd 0.5 ]
      ]
    ] ]
  ]
end 

to update-plot
  set-current-plot "Population Size"
  set-current-plot-pen "phytoplankton / 4"
  plot count phytoplankton / 4  ;; divide by four to keep it within similar
                       ;; range as a-burbot and zooplankton populations
  set-current-plot-pen "Zooplankton"
  plot count zooplankton 
  set-current-plot-pen "Oshrimp"
  plot count oshrimp
  set-current-plot-pen "Mollusks"
  plot count mollusks
  set-current-plot-pen "Burbots"
  plot count burbot
  set-current-plot-pen "Round Gobys"
  plot count round_gobys
  set-current-plot-pen "Top Preds"
  plot count top_preds
end 


; ===============================================
; ====== food web parser functions ==============
; ===============================================

to parse-food-web
  let web_description to-lower-string Food-Web
  let temp ""
  while [ not empty? web_description ]
  [
    ifelse member? "\n" web_description
    [
      set temp substring web_description 0 ( position "\n" web_description )
      update_filter temp
      set web_description remove word temp "\n" web_description
    ]
    [
      update_filter web_description
      set web_description ""
    ]
  ]
  if not invalid-food-web [
    if not empty? burbot-food-filter [
      set burbot-food-filter word "(" word substring burbot-food-filter 4 length burbot-food-filter ")"
    ]
    if not empty? top_preds-food-filter [
      set top_preds-food-filter word "(" word substring top_preds-food-filter 4 length top_preds-food-filter ")"
    ]
    if not empty? round_gobys-food-filter [
      set round_gobys-food-filter word "(" word substring round_gobys-food-filter 4 length round_gobys-food-filter ")"
    ]
    if not empty? zooplankton-food-filter [
      set zooplankton-food-filter word "(" word substring zooplankton-food-filter 4 length zooplankton-food-filter ")"
    ]
    if not empty? oshrimp-food-filter [
      set oshrimp-food-filter word "(" word substring oshrimp-food-filter 4 length oshrimp-food-filter ")"
    ]
    if not empty? mollusks-food-filter [
      set mollusks-food-filter word "(" word substring mollusks-food-filter 4 length mollusks-food-filter ")"
    ]
  ]
end 

to update_filter [ update ]
  ;; this function could be improved by testing
  ;; update is of the form member? valid-species "eat/eats" valid-species
  ;; and then throw out impossibilites of cannibalism or phytoplankton predators

  let bb [ "burbot eat " "burbots eat " "burbot eats " ]
  let cf  [ "zooplankton eat " "zooplankton eats " ]
  let os  [ "oshrimp eat " "oshrimp eats " ]
  let mf  [ "mollusks eat " "mollusk eat " "mollusk eats " ]
  let rgf [ "round gobys eat " "round goby eat " "round goby eats " ]
  let tpf [ "top preds eat " "top pred eat " "top pred eats " ]
  let pf  [ "phytoplankton eat " "phytoplankton eats " ]
  
  let valid-species [ "phytoplankton" "zooplankton" "round gobys" "top preds" "mollusks"  "oshrimp" "burbot" ]

  let menu_item ""
  let match ""
  
  ifelse not predator-starts-string update valid-species [
    user-message word "The predator at line '" (word update "'. is misspelled") set invalid-food-web true 
  ]
  [
    set match multimatch bb update
    if match != ""
    [
      set burbot-food-filter check_web_item match update "burbot" valid-species burbot-food-filter
    ]
    set match multimatch rgf update
    if match != ""
    [
      set round_gobys-food-filter check_web_item match update "round gobys" valid-species round_gobys-food-filter
    ]
    set match multimatch tpf update
    if match != ""
    [
      set top_preds-food-filter check_web_item match update "top preds" valid-species top_preds-food-filter
    ]
    set match multimatch cf update
    if match != ""
    [
      set zooplankton-food-filter check_web_item match update "zooplankton" valid-species zooplankton-food-filter
    ]
    set match multimatch os update
    if match != ""
    [
      set oshrimp-food-filter check_web_item match update "oshrimp" valid-species oshrimp-food-filter
    ]
    set match multimatch mf update
    if match != ""
    [
      set mollusks-food-filter check_web_item match update "mollusks" valid-species mollusks-food-filter
    ]
    
    if "" != multimatch pf update
    [
      user-message "Biologically impossible. Please edit your food web."
      set invalid-food-web true
    ]
  ]
end 

to-report predator-starts-string [ s valid-species ]
  let length-of-longest-name length last sort-by [ length ?1 < length ?2 ] valid-species
  let test ""
  foreach n-values length-of-longest-name [item ? s] [ 
    set test word test ?
    if member? test valid-species [ report true ]
  ]
  report false
end 

to-report check_web_item [ match update predator valid-targets food-filter ]
    let menu_item remove match update
    if menu_item = predator
      [ user-message "No cannibalism. Please edit your food web." set invalid-food-web true ]
    if not member? menu_item valid-targets
      [ user-message word "The prey at line '" (word update "' is misspelled.") set invalid-food-web true ]
    ifelse not invalid-food-web
      [ set menu_item remove_spaces menu_item 
        report word food-filter word " or breed = " menu_item ]
      [ report food-filter ]
end 

; ======================================
; ====== String functions ==============
; ======================================

to-report multimatch [ testlist target ]
  let match ""
  set match filter [member? ? target] testlist
  ifelse not empty? match 
  [ report first match ]
  [ report "" ]
end 

to-report to-lower-string [s]
let lower ""
foreach n-values length s [item ? s] [ set lower word lower to-lower ? ]
report lower
end 

to-report to-lower [c] ; c is single character string
let i position c "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"
report ifelse-value (is-number? i) [item i
"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"][c]
end 

to-report remove_spaces [string]
  while [ member? " " string ]
  [
    set string replace-item (position " " string) string "_"
  ]
  report string
end 

; Copyright 2010 Northwestern University's Office of STEM Eeducation Partnerships
; based on code by Uri Wilenksy (c) 1997
; The full copyright notice is in the Information tab.

There is only one version of this model, created over 11 years ago by Uri Geller.

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